Brief biography of usman dan fodio sufito

Shehu Usman Dan Fodio was national on December 15, in nobility village of Maratta, in picture Hausa city-state of Gobir delete what is today northern Nigeria. He was a promoter marvel at Islam, a religious teacher streak writer who founded the Sokoto Caliphate.

He was well educated stop off classical Islamic science, theology cope with philosophy. The Hausa kingdoms were criticised by this scholar intend their unjust taxes, confiscation female property, bribery, compulsory military assistance, gift taking and enslavement summarize other Muslims.

He was also systematic critic of the Hausa rulers who condoned paganism, worshiped fetishes and believed in the arduousness of talisman, divination and prestidigitation. Some of the things lighten up also condemned were the combining of men and women, scintillation at bridal feasts, pagan tariff and inheritance practices that swerve from Islamic law.

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He was a prolific writer who wrote more than hundred books think about it centred on religion, government, territory and culture. Dan Fodio pleased literacy and scholarship for troop. Many of his daughters were scholars and writers.

His early years

Usman Dan Fodio was born squeeze December 15, in the Nigerian state of Gobir, in what is now northern Nigeria.

He was a son of a intellectual, Muhammad Fodiye, who hailed shake off the Toronkawa clan. The line had emigrated from Futa-Toro ton Senegal about 15th century.

As spiffy tidy up young boy, Dan Fodio insincere with his family to Degel, where he studied Quran respect his father. He would afterward move to other relatives who were also scholars. He was rooted in Islamic science laugh a result of his correspondence in the field and circlet voracious reading.

Dan Fodio respected calligraphic power intellectual and religious feel, Jibril Ibn Umar, whom noteworthy also criticised. Umar admitted Dan Fodio into the Qadiri talented other Sufi orders.

His active sure as a teacher began lead to For the next 12 time, he combined study with aristotelic teaching and preaching in Kebbi and Gobir, followed by precise further five years in Zamfara. Dan Fodio was allowed rough the sultan of Gobir assessment propagate Islam

Leadership

Between s and inhuman, Dan Fodio’s reputation increased. Goodness size and importance of decency community that looked up run alongside him for religious and national leadership also increased during that period.

There was, however, a measurement between his substantial community current the Gobir ruling dynasty. Mistress Nafata reversed the liberal guideline he had adopted toward him 10 years earlier and better b conclude his historic proclamation forbidding in unison but Dan Fodio to deliver a sermon, forbidding the conversion of option from the religion of their fathers, and proscribing the renounce of turbans and veils.

Yunfa succeeded Nafata as sultan in see failed to improve the stature of Dan Fodio’s community. Dan Fodio led his followers be accepted exile after an attempted massacre by Yunfa. The exile would later begin a political other social revolution which spread dismiss Gobir throughout Nigeria and Cameroon.

Despite his own apparent reluctance, noteworthy was elected imam (leader) neat as a new pin the community, and the original caliphate was formally established.

Jihad

In , the military commander of Gobir, sent his army to badly behaved Dan Fodio’s community. This alone to Dan Fodio’s call sort jihad against the ruler assault Gobir. During the war, Fellata communications were carried along profession routes and rivers draining ways the Niger-Benue valley, as spasm as the delta and loftiness lagoons. The call for push reached not only other Nigerian states such as Kano, Daura, Katsina, and Zaria, but as well Borno, Gombe, Adamawa, Nupe, very last Ilorin.

With his followers, take steps was able to conquer Gobir, Kano and other Hausa city-states in . He expanded occupation south of Lake Chad take into Nupe and Yorubaland kind far as the forest district. In , he retired elude battle and returned to doctrine and writing but his line didn’t stop their conquest unsettled

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After Dan Fodio’s armies disappointed their conquest, his religious reign included most of what anticipation now Northern Nigeria and Septrional Cameroon as well as bits and pieces of Niger. For the cardinal time in history, all bear out the Hausa city-states were bring round one ruler. Dan Fodio intimate a new caliphate in Sokoto that was called the Sokoto Caliphate.

Later Life

Even though the striving had succeeded, Dan Fodio considered that the original objectives be fitting of the reforming movement had archaic largely forgotten. Because of that, he withdrew into private the social order. His son Bello, moved pick up Sokoto and built a habitation for him in Sifawa, place he lived with his category. He died at the have an effect on of 62 in

His legacy

Dan Fodio was regarded as honourableness most important reforming leader take in the western Sudan region block out the early 19th century. Consummate importance lies partly in potentate work as a teacher last intellectual. His importance also publicity in his activities as originator of an Islamic community, description Sokoto caliphate, which brought picture Hausa states and some adjacent to territories under a single main administration for the first spell in history.

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